Oil traps
Trap is the geometric layout of the layers of sedimentary allows oil or gas or both to gather the economic quantities, and prevents their escape them, and take this pattern class engineering several forms, but remain the main feature of the trap is the presence of rock porous covered rocks Ahabsh impermeable. Water is a key factor in the oil and gas is directed to the trap in the majority of cases, such as help in oil and gas wells is shifted to the slots in the production stage, and so the trap to be the focus of an active exchange of fluids.
And called the product of petroleum trap range tender Pay zone, and different thickness of two meters in some fields of Texas, USA to hundreds of meters in the north and the Middle East Sea fields. However it is not necessary to produce all the oil in the amount of "total tender scale", and therefore distinguish between him and the "net tender", which represents the cumulative vertical thickness of the reservoir product Petroleum. In the development of any petroleum reservoir is not necessary to identify the product relative to the net product (GDP) in the field. It can produce oil from the line Spill Plane until near important Crest is the highest point in the trap.
It is possible to trap the oil or gas, or both, contain, and represents the surface of contact of oil and water Oil Water Contact OWC deeper level of oil production, while the surface of the contact gas and oil Gas Oil Contact-GOC lowest level for the production of gas, it is necessary to identify these surfaces thoroughly before account Petroleum and natural gas reserves in the reservoir and estimate the rate of production.
One of the best and the latest oil traps rankings economic feasibility his Seeley in 1985. If we started synthetic fisheries that arise due to tectonic or structural changes Tectonic sedimentary rocks found include Folding convex traps, traps and faults. The traps Folding convex Altdhaattiyh most common types of traps, and formed by shortening the earth's crust Crustal Shortening, examples include oil fields in southwestern Iran, which includes 16 fields giant at the foothills of the Zagros Mountains near the subduction Arabian plate under Iranian plate area, as well as many traps in the western side of the Persian Gulf, is characterized Bojnab with a mild slope of the folds convex petition, and spread in the oil fields east of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the most important fields of Ghawar, Abqaiq, Safaniya, and Khafji. The traps Folding convex court was formed by sedimentary layers in response to flatten the earth's crust Crustal Tension has led to the formation of sedimentary basin, it folds convex above the heights formed in depth Deep Seated Horsts.
The cracks important and direct role in the formation of traps, when lead to a change in the order of classes, objects to non-porous layer and the impermeable petroleum migration "and Tstadeh", as it may be to crack indirect role in the hunt for oil, that participate in it with other synthetic phenomena, such as Folding or change the permeability. Contact surface may be connected to the gas and oil in the convex affected trap some of the cracks, and then be the main element is the Folding-baiting, or offline Vicu rift is the main factor in the formation of the trap, or be anticline has been affected by the oil Balsda Fanfsal to assemble parts.
It consists traps penetration fornicis result move blocks of salt or clay to the top, and the rare and domes mud, but the salt domes phenomenon geological spread, which is made up as a result of differing Kthafti salt sedimentary layer that topped, Valmlh less dense, and then rushes to the top, and cause " dome ", which topped the sedimentary layers, if found by the oil, it is moving towards the external aspects of the salt layer, and is confined between the sedimentary layers of the point of the salt dome and on the other hand. The lead is the systematic growth of the salt domes to multiple traps in a row and a variety of configuration, as in the Dammam field. The main causes of traps salt domes formation is the rush associated gases to volcanic activity, resulting in precipitation of salts from aqueous solutions, and then the rush of salt blocks to the top, or the rise of brines warm up through weak gaps in the layers, then low temperatures gradually causing deposition of salt and increasing the quantity and size gradually, as a result of the continuation of the cooling and crystallization Crystallization processes, leading to penetrate the salt domes of the sedimentary layers and topped the incursion.
The third type of oil is stratigraphic traps them, which formed as a result of changes to the side where the permittivity and permeability in the reservoir rock or lack of continuity, and in this type of contact is different sharp rocks or gradually compatible. Among the most important stratigraphic traps that rock reservoir is surrounded by the port is another port, such as shale, and thus the change in the basis of formation permeability trap.
The class is divided into traps traps is associated with the surface of incompatibility, and other associated with the surface of incompatibility, there are two types of petroleum traps is associated with the surface of a mismatch, two depositional traps and traps Albin training. And depositional traps turn either traps thinning Pinch-out, or traps coral reefs. When dwindling thick strip of the same thickness and permeability of porous rocks, this sector and integrates into the rock is impermeable clay is catching the oil in the porous and port sector. In traps surrounded by coral reef limestone porosity and permeability of rocks impermeable, and coral reefs round types, and other rectangular with a length of hundreds of miles, and displayed a few miles away, such as the northern Kirkuk field.
Trap is the geometric layout of the layers of sedimentary allows oil or gas or both to gather the economic quantities, and prevents their escape them, and take this pattern class engineering several forms, but remain the main feature of the trap is the presence of rock porous covered rocks Ahabsh impermeable. Water is a key factor in the oil and gas is directed to the trap in the majority of cases, such as help in oil and gas wells is shifted to the slots in the production stage, and so the trap to be the focus of an active exchange of fluids.
And called the product of petroleum trap range tender Pay zone, and different thickness of two meters in some fields of Texas, USA to hundreds of meters in the north and the Middle East Sea fields. However it is not necessary to produce all the oil in the amount of "total tender scale", and therefore distinguish between him and the "net tender", which represents the cumulative vertical thickness of the reservoir product Petroleum. In the development of any petroleum reservoir is not necessary to identify the product relative to the net product (GDP) in the field. It can produce oil from the line Spill Plane until near important Crest is the highest point in the trap.
It is possible to trap the oil or gas, or both, contain, and represents the surface of contact of oil and water Oil Water Contact OWC deeper level of oil production, while the surface of the contact gas and oil Gas Oil Contact-GOC lowest level for the production of gas, it is necessary to identify these surfaces thoroughly before account Petroleum and natural gas reserves in the reservoir and estimate the rate of production.
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| petroleum - oil |
The cracks important and direct role in the formation of traps, when lead to a change in the order of classes, objects to non-porous layer and the impermeable petroleum migration "and Tstadeh", as it may be to crack indirect role in the hunt for oil, that participate in it with other synthetic phenomena, such as Folding or change the permeability. Contact surface may be connected to the gas and oil in the convex affected trap some of the cracks, and then be the main element is the Folding-baiting, or offline Vicu rift is the main factor in the formation of the trap, or be anticline has been affected by the oil Balsda Fanfsal to assemble parts.
It consists traps penetration fornicis result move blocks of salt or clay to the top, and the rare and domes mud, but the salt domes phenomenon geological spread, which is made up as a result of differing Kthafti salt sedimentary layer that topped, Valmlh less dense, and then rushes to the top, and cause " dome ", which topped the sedimentary layers, if found by the oil, it is moving towards the external aspects of the salt layer, and is confined between the sedimentary layers of the point of the salt dome and on the other hand. The lead is the systematic growth of the salt domes to multiple traps in a row and a variety of configuration, as in the Dammam field. The main causes of traps salt domes formation is the rush associated gases to volcanic activity, resulting in precipitation of salts from aqueous solutions, and then the rush of salt blocks to the top, or the rise of brines warm up through weak gaps in the layers, then low temperatures gradually causing deposition of salt and increasing the quantity and size gradually, as a result of the continuation of the cooling and crystallization Crystallization processes, leading to penetrate the salt domes of the sedimentary layers and topped the incursion.
The third type of oil is stratigraphic traps them, which formed as a result of changes to the side where the permittivity and permeability in the reservoir rock or lack of continuity, and in this type of contact is different sharp rocks or gradually compatible. Among the most important stratigraphic traps that rock reservoir is surrounded by the port is another port, such as shale, and thus the change in the basis of formation permeability trap.
The class is divided into traps traps is associated with the surface of incompatibility, and other associated with the surface of incompatibility, there are two types of petroleum traps is associated with the surface of a mismatch, two depositional traps and traps Albin training. And depositional traps turn either traps thinning Pinch-out, or traps coral reefs. When dwindling thick strip of the same thickness and permeability of porous rocks, this sector and integrates into the rock is impermeable clay is catching the oil in the porous and port sector. In traps surrounded by coral reef limestone porosity and permeability of rocks impermeable, and coral reefs round types, and other rectangular with a length of hundreds of miles, and displayed a few miles away, such as the northern Kirkuk field.
